Fish feeds, like other animal feeds, can be divided into six main compounds : water, protein, fat, ash, crude fiber, and nitrogen-free extract. The main features of fish feed are protein and fat content. The protein in the diet is mainly used for the accumulation of tissues, fat is the main source of energy and the increase of adipose tissue. The amount of carbohydrates in fish feed is usually low, because fish, especially carnivorous fish, are less able to digest carbohydrates. Therefore, the energy in the diet must come from fats and fats have higher energy density than carbohydrates. As a result, fish feed is more concentrated than that of farm animals on land, so protein levels and energy density are higher. The digestible protein/digestible energy ratio is an important feature of a fish feed and, as a rule of thumb, should more or less resemble the protein/energy ratio of the growing fish itself. In this way, maximum retention of dietary protein is achieved.
Basic Ingredients For Fish Feed Formulation
Fish meal, fish oil, rice bran, shrimp bran, wheat bran, soybeans cake, cotton seed cake, dried potatoes etc.
The Essential Nutrients Required For Fish Feed Formulation
Protein Protein is a very essential nutrient for fish feed formulation. This is because protein is the main source of energy for fish. Fish need two or three times as much protein as other animals for energy. Minerals Minerals are another essential nutrient in fish feed formulations. This is a necessary condition for the development of fish bones. Therefore, the production of fish feed must include minerals such as zinc, copper, iodine, iron, manganese and calcium. Vitamin Fish are very susceptible to bacteria. So fish need vitamins to build a strong immune system. It should be noted that the amount of vitamins contained in the fish feed formula should be minimal. Other nutrients required for fish feed formulation include water, fat and carbohydrates.
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